Standards and protocolsEDI standards, formats and protocols
Your partners decide the format. That is why EDI integration is less about choosing one standard and more about being able to handle all of them from the same platform.
| Standard or format | Widely used by | Typical documents |
|---|
| EDIFACT and EANCOM | European retail, wholesale and logistics | ORDERS, ORDRSP, DESADV, INVOIC |
| ANSI X12 | North American customers and partners | 850, 855, 856, 810 |
| VDA | German automotive industry and its suppliers | Delivery schedules and despatch advice |
| Peppol | E-invoicing, for example to NHS Supply Chain | Invoices, credit notes, orders |
| XML and JSON | Web shops, APIs and newer platforms | Orders, stock status, tracking |
| IDoc | SAP environments | Orders, deliveries, invoices |
| CSV and flat files | Older systems and 3PL warehouses | Price lists, stock status, pick orders |
EANCOM is GS1’s subset of EDIFACT and is widely used in retail; the standards are maintained by GS1. Transport is a subject in its own right: AS2 with certificates, OFTP2, SFTP, web services and REST APIs, and for e-invoices the Peppol network. Lobster supports them all, so the protocol is never a reason to say no to a partner.
E-invoicing in the UK from April 2029
From April 2029, all VAT invoices in the UK will have to be issued as e-invoices in a specified electronic format, as announced at Budget 2025. According to the government’s consultation response on GOV.UK, the mandate covers VAT invoices, which are typically issued for business-to-business and business-to-government transactions, not for sales to consumers. Real-time reporting to HMRC will not be introduced alongside the mandate in 2029.
In its Tax update 2026, the government announced that Peppol will be the core interoperability network for e-invoicing in the UK. How legacy systems that cannot interoperate will fit into the future system is still being discussed with stakeholders.
The government will publish an implementation roadmap at Budget 2026, setting out the milestones to April 2029. According to GOV.UK, Budget 2026 is due on 28 October 2026.
Public bodies are already required to accept e-invoices that comply with BS EN 16931, and NHS Supply Chain requires its suppliers to send e-invoices over Peppol. If you want to prepare, you can check whether your ERP or finance system can issue and receive structured e-invoices over Peppol. E-invoicing via Peppol can run in the same integration layer as the rest of your EDI.